Trypanosoma cruzi :: Essays Papers

Trypanosoma cruzi Life munimentTrypanosoma cruzi, a protozoan parasite, is the causative agent of Chagas disease. It is close to commonly engraft among people, dogs, cats, and wild mammals in Central and South America, especially in country-style communities where people reside in houses constructed from mud or thatch. The vector is the reduviid or kissing bug, which lives in the cracks of buildings and substandard houses8. Often substandard living accommodations/living conditions argon shown to have these structural fractures, which provide suitable habitats for reduviid bugs. The reduviid bug transmits T. cruzi by rubbing its own contaminated can into an abrasion (wound or bug bite) or a mucous tissue layer of the host. Two other modes of infection atomic number 18 blood transfusions/organ transplants and perinatal/vertical transfer from mother to child3. In addition, there have been reports that infections originated from undercooked provender that was contaminated8. The life cycle of T. cruzi The vector, reduviid bug, bites and defecates on host. Parasites, in the form of trypomastigotes, are able to enter the blood via mucous membranes or a cut. During jail cell invasion, the trypomastigotes transform into amastigotes and undergo multiplication. Parasites are then released into the blood stream as trypomastigotes where they either spread to other tissues or are taken up by the vector to perpetuate the life cycle2. Chagas diseaseChagas disease exists in three bes acute, indeterminate, and chronic. 1. The acute stage manifests shortly after infection from a bite or alternate mode of transmission and is generally erect in only 1% of reported cases8. Although it is often asymptomatic, symptoms can accept Romaas sign (one swollen eye), fever, fatigue, enlarged liver-colored/spleen, swollen lymph nodes, rash, loss of appetite, diarrhea, and vomiting. In adults, these symptoms generally subside within 4-8 weeks and whitethorn or may no t require treatment. Very young children are a concern because they may sustain severe brain disablement or die as a result of infection8. 2. The indeterminate stage may also be asymptomatic. Onset of this stage is reported about(predicate) 8-10 weeks following infection and may persist for years.3. The chronic stage is the most severe and the most common manifestation of Chagas disease. Chronic Chagas disease ordinarily presents itself 10-40 years after infection, in about 30% of infected individuals. On average, developing this class of Chagas