Epidemiology and Communicable Diseases: HIV

Epidemiology & hereditary Diseases human immunodeficiency virus or the Human Deficiency virus is like opposite viruses including the influenza, but the one thing that makes this virus so different than whatsoever other is that the form is unable to clear this one out completely. one time soul is infect, on that point is no cure. Over time, human immunodeficiency virus can too hide or mask itself in the bodys cells. The cells within a persons body that fght off infection are called CD4 cells or T cells. human immunodeficiency virus attacks these cells and copies or replicates itself inside these cells, then destroys them.human immunodeficiency virus over time will estroy so more of these cells that the body is unable to fght off infection anymore. When this starts eliminateing, AIDS or Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome happens which is the last(a) stage of human immunodeficiency virus. human immunodeficiency virus is transmitted through someones blood or somatic fluids w hich can encompass semen, breast milk, vaginal fluids, and rectal mucous (AIDS. GOV, 2013) and normally it is passed from one person to a nonher through sexual contact however, HIV can withal be transmitted through childbirth or IV medicine use. Healthcare workers are also at riskiness from infected bodily fluids.Fluids from an nfected person can deliver the virus to someone elses bloodstream. Within 2-4 weeks, and up to as late as 3 months, ikon to HIV can happen with a sudden onset of flu like symptoms including fever, chills, rash, night sweats, muscle aches, sore throat, fatigue, swollen lymph nodes or ulcers in the mouth (CDC, 2013). Sometimes no signs or symptoms of infection are break in someone with HIV. Certain individuals may feel sick as HIV turns into AIDS or have occasional bouts of sickness, but not really know or feel they are infected.When HIV progresses to HIV, he flu like sign and symptoms mentioned earlier can become out-of-the-way(prenominal) more severe. M any of the complications stemming from HIV are opportunistic infections, which happen in patients with a weakened immune system (CDC, 2013). Some of these opportunistic infections let in tuberculosis, salmonellosis, cytomeglaovirus, candidiasis, cryptococcal meningitis, toxoplasmosis, cryptosporiosis, Wasting Syndrome, neurological problems, and kidney disease (Mayo Clinic, 2013). Specific skin cancers including Kaposis Sarcoma and lymphomas also happen in patients who are HIV positive (Mayo Clinic, 2013).Antivirals are the treatment for HIV and presently there is no known cure. Treatment most ofttimes involves combinations of different drugs to avoid creating strains of the virus that are immune to single drug treatments (Mayo Clinic, 2013). The get of CD4 or T cells monitors treatment response. The viral load should be undetectable while undergoing antiviral therapy. The count is checked when treatment starts and usually monitored every 3-6 months. Even if someone has an undetec table viral load, the spreading of HIV is still a possibility.According to estimates and numbers provided by the CDC, about one and one-half million state 13 years of age and younger is HIV positive. Demographics also show that almost 20% of people who are infected do not know they have the virus. The CDC estimates that now every year, there are about 50,000 new oddballs diagnosed (2013). At risk groups acknowledge frolicsome men, bisexual people, and African Americans (CDC, ) Young Atrican American males are at greatest risk tor contracting HIV among various ethnicities and races (CDC, 2013).An individuals risk for HIV or social determinants of health related to HIV is income, education, geographic region, overty, gender orientation, betimes childhood experiences, and alcohol or substance abuse. The CDC states, that by reducing the number od new HIV infections and improving the health and well-being of those already infected with HIV depends on changing the social determinant s that place people at risk of infection (CDC, 2-13). The epidemiological triangle of HIV consists of 3 things the person, the inducive means, or the environment (Smith, 169).The causative agent that causes AIDS is HIV or the virus itself. The horde is a person in the case of HIV and the environment is the either the host or the agent, but a factor that influences interaction between the two. The epidemiological triangle consists of three things the person, the causative agent, or the environment (Smith, 169). In the triangle for HIV, the agent that causes AIDS is HIV or the virus. The host is a person in the case of HIV. The environment is neither the host nor the agent, but something that influences interaction between the two (Smith, 169).The host factors for HIV include age, sex, ethnic background, race, sexual orientation, education, and economic status (Smith, 169). The agent actors or causative agent for HIV are the virus itself and the regularity of transmission, life cycle and virulence of the virus (Smith, 169). The environmental factors for HIV include social and economic considerations including family, society, political organization, public policy, regulations, institutions, workplace, occupation, economic status, technology, mobility, housing universe of discourse density, attitudes, customs, culture, health practices, health services (Smith 169-170).A community health nurse with an strain on HIV/AIDS would work in a community or public health setting, educating t risk groups about near sex practices and the dangers of sharing needles. Ideally, the nurse would connect patients to support groups and services, teach patients or people in the community about the prevention of the spreading of the disease, and dish out administer treatments and medications. Some important issues that nurses are bringing to the forefront in todays world include implementing strategies to keep HIV patients engaged in ordinary HIV medical and nursing care, incorporating prevention research findings to help go down transmission locally and globally, carrying out outine HIV testing in health care settings, ensuring access to antiretroviral drugs, and preparing for emerging issues in HIV care such as diabetes, liver disease, obesity and elder care (Kirton, 2007, p. 8). The Global investment trust to fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria is a national organization that channels a portion of its funds to the international financing for he fght against HIV and AIDS. It also gives funds to strengthening health systems, as most are piteous to educate and inform communities and people about the prevention of HIV. Programs supported by the Global Fund give to communities with lifesaving ntiviral therapies and counseling on the prevention of the virus.